TRANSLATION

LARANGAN PRAKTEK MONOPOLI DAN PERSAINGAN USAHA TIDAK SEHAT

Pembangunan ekonomi pada Pembangunan Jangka Panjang Pertama telah menghasilkan banyak kemajuan, antara lain dengan meningkatnya kesejahteraan rakyat. Kemajuan pembangunan yang telah dicapai di atas didorong oleh kebijakan pembangunan di berbagai bidang termasuk kebijakan pembangunan bidang ekonomi yang tertuang dalam Garis-garis Besar Haluan Negara dan Rencana Pembangunan Lima Tahunan, serta berbagai kebijakan ekonomi lainnya.

Meskipun telah banyak kemajuan yang dicapai selama Pembangunan Jangka Panjang Pertama yang ditunjukkan oleh pertumbuhan ekonomi yang tinggi, tetapi masih banyak pula tantangan atau persoalan, seiring dengan adanya kecenderungan globalisasi perekonomian serta dinamika dan perkembangan usaha swasta sejak awal tahun 1990-an.

Peluang-peluang usaha yang tercipta selama tiga dasawarsa yang lalu dalam kenyataannya belum membuat seluruh masyarakat mampu dan dapat berpartisipasi dalam pembangunan di berbagai sektor ekonomi. Perkembangan usaha swasta selama periode tersebut, di satu sisi diwarnai oleh berbagai bentuk kebijakan Pemerintah yang kurang tepat sehingga pasar menjadi terdistorsi. Di sisi lain, perkembangan usaha swasta dalam kenyataannya sebagian besar merupakan perwujudan dari kondisi persaingan usaha yang tidak sehat.

Fenomena di atas telah berkembang dan didukung oleh adanya hubungan yang terkait antar pengambil keputusan dengan para pelaku usaha, baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung, sehingga lebih memburuk keadaan. Penyelenggaraan ekonomi nasional kurang mengacu kepada Pasal 33 Undang-Undang Dasar 1945, serta cenderung menunjukkan corak yang sangat monopolistik.

Para pengusaha yang dekat dengan elit kekuasaan mendapatkan kemudahan-kemudahan yang berlebihan sehingga berdampak kepada kesenjangan sosial. Munculnya konglomerasi dan sekelompok kecil pengusaha kuat yang tidak didukung oleh semangat kewirausahaan sejati merupakan salah satu faktor yang mengakibatkan ketahanan ekonomi menjadi sangat rapuh dan tidak mampu bersaing.

Memperhatikan situasi dan kondisi tersebut di atas, menuntut kita untuk mencermati dan menata kembali kegiatan usaha di Indonesia, agar dunia usaha dapat tumbuh serta berkembang secara sehat, serta terhindar nya pemusatan kejuatan ekonomi pada perorangan atau kelompok tertentu, antara lain dalam bentuk praktek monopoli dan persaingan usaha tidak sehat yang merugikan masyarakat, yang bertentangan dengan cita-cita keadilan sosial.

Oleh karena itu, perlu disusun Undang-Undang tentang Larangan Praktek Monopoli dan Persaingan Usaha Tidak Sehat yang dimaksud untuk menegakkan aturan hukum dan memberikan perlindungan yang sama bagi setiap pelaku usaha di dalam upaya untuk menciptakan persaingan usaha yang sehat.

Undang-Undang ini memberikan jaminan kepastian hukum untuk lebih mendorong percepatan pembangunan ekonomi dalam upaya meningkatkan kesejahteraan umum, serta sebagai implementasi dari semangat dan jiwa Undang-Undang Dasar 1945.

Agar implementasi undang-undang ini serta peraturan pelaksanaannya dapat berjalan efektif sesuai asas dan tujuannya, maka perlu dibentuk Komisi Pengawas Persaingan Usaha, yaitu lembaga independen yang terlepas dari pengaruh pemerintah dan pihak lain, yang berwenang melakukan pengawasan persaingan usaha dan menjatuhkan sanksi. Sanksi tersebut berupa tindakan administratif, sedangkan sanksi pidana adalah wewenang pengadilan.

Secara umum, materi dan Undang-Undang Tentang Larangan Praktek Monopoli dan Persaingan Usaha Tidak Sehat itu mengandung 6 (enam) bagian pengaturan yang terdiri dari:

1. Persaingan yang dilarang;

2. Kegiatan yang dilarang;

3. Posisi dominan;

4. Komisi Pengawas Persaingan Usaha;

5. Penegakan hukum;

6. Ketentuan lain-lain.

Undang-Undang ini disusun berdasarkan Pancasila dan Undang-Undang Dasar 1945, serta berasaskan kepada demokrasi ekonomi dengan memperhatikan keseimbangan antara kepentingan umum dengan tujuan untuk menjaga kepentingan umum dan melindungi konsumen, menumbuhkan usaha yang kondusif melalui terciptanya persaingan usaha yang sehat, dan menjamin kepastian kesempatan berusaha yang sama bagi setiap orang, mencegah praktek-praktek monopoli dan atau persaingan usaha tidak sehat yang ditimbulkan pelaku usaha; serta menciptakan efektivitas dan efisiensi dalam kegiatan usaha dalam rangka meningkatkan efisiensi ekonomi nasional sebagai salah satu upaya meningkatkan kesejahteraan rakyat.

THE PROHIBITION OF MONOPOLIES AND COMPETITION PRACTICES ARE UNHEALTHY BUSINESSES

Translation of paragraph 5:

Businessmen close to the power elite gets excessive amenity so as to impact the social gap. The emergence of the conglomeration and a small group of powerful businessmen who are not supported by a true entrepreneurial spirit is one of the factors that led to the economic resilience to become very fragile and unable to compete.

TASK

I. Substitute appropriate terms for the underlined words or phrases in the sentence below.

     Falls               In advance         Expenditure
     Sacrifice         Possible             Relationship
     Remain           Continue            Move

1. Although the price has changed, the nature of a commodity will stay the same
2. If the price comes down, the consumer will buy more.
3. Changes in price indicates a special connection among goods, services, consumers and money.
4. In some economic system, bargaining over price is feasible.
5. Fixed price should be accepted if people make a planning about their expenses.
6. People will stop buying things if the financial loss is greater than the satisfaction.
7. People will maintain to buy things if they think those things will give satisfaction.
8. Bargaining is a cause of an unfixed price beforehand.

Answer:

1. Continue
2. Falls
3. Relationship
4. Possible
5. Expenditure
6. Sacrifice
7. Remain
8. In advance

II. Translate Based on the last number of each NPM, for odd numbers (1,3,5,7) and even number (2,4,6,8).
    

1. 1. Meskipun harga telah berubah, sifat komoditi akan terus sama.
2. 3. Perubahan harga menunjukan hubungan khusus antara barang, jasa, konsumen, dan uang.
3. 5. Harga tetap harus diterima jika orang membuat perencanaan mengenai biaya.
4. 7. Orang akan tetap untuk membeli sesuatu jika mereka berpikir hal itu akan memberikan kepuasan.

Lenovo Laptop

Lenovo Laptop

Branded laptop Lenovo G460 laptop is the type that often I wear. I often use this laptop for work on the task. Be it a paper, presentation, writing, making the operating system, search for the journal or other references, and so on.

This Lenovo laptop provided by my dad, when I was still in HIGH SCHOOL is approximately grade 11. Thus, I've been using this laptop from high school to work on a variety of tasks. This laptop many benefits, among other things: can be used to type, create a code template, play games, use the internet, play movies, listen to music, run programs, and much more.

Lenovo Ideapad G460 laptop was the laptop of Chinese origin who are processed Midle End. This laptop has 2 GB of RAM, the type system of 64 bit operating systems, CPU Intel Core 13 350m and also have a memory from a hard disk which is quite high. Therefore, this laptop is very helpful in all situations and circumstances.

ASSIGMENT

Look at the terms in the left-hand column and find the meanings in the right-hand column. And then, make 3 sentences from the words below!
1. .................... Agricultural                             a. Set forth in word
2. .................... Manufactured                         b. External to the main
3. .................... Maintain                                 c. Cultivation of the soil and rearing of animals
4. .................... Describe                                d. Request
5. .................... Objective                               e. Thing known to be true
6. .................... Undoubtedly                           f. Keep up
7. .................... Desire                                     g. Meet expectations
8. .................... Fact                                        h. Without doubt
                                                                        i. Making of articles

Result match in the left-hand and in the right-hand column:
1. Cultivation of the soil and rearing of animals      Agricultural
2. Making of articles                                            Manufactured
3. Keep up                                                          Maintain
4. External to the main                                          Describe
5. Meet expectations                                            Objective
6. Without doubt                                                  Undoubtedly
7. Request                                                           Desire
8. Thing known to be true                                    Fact

Meanings in the right-hand column:
a. Set forth in word = Ditetapkan dalam kata
b. External to the main = Eksternal untuk utama
c. Cultivation of the soil and rearing of animals = Budidaya tanah dan mengembangbiakkan hewan
d. Request = Permintaan
e. Thing known to be true = Hal ini dikenal untuk menjadi kenyataan
f. Keep up = Mempertahankan
g. Meet expectations = Memenuhi harapan
h. Without doubt = Tanpa diragukan lagi
i. Making of articles = Pembuatan artikel

Making 3 sentences from the left-hand column:
1. Agricultural = Pertanian

• Indonesian has many agricultural fields in rural areas.
• Agricultural conditions in Indonesia a few months, suffered losses due to the summer.
• Agricultural areas such as agriculture, corn, sugar cane farming, farming of rice, etc. exploited farmers for a living.

2. Manufactured = Diproduksi

• Manufacturing companies buy intermediate goods to be manufactured finished goods.
• Twine comes from cotton and can be manufactured into fabric.
• Semi-finished goods manufactured into ready-made goods for sale to consumers.

3. Maintain = Mempertahankan

• We should be able to maintain even the enhance the value derived.
• The nice thing is when we can maintain a friendship.
• In the social sphere, we can maintan a good nature.

4. Describe = Menggambarkan

• Researchers should be able to describe the results of his observations to be presented.
• As a student, we should be able to describe the material described by lecturers.
• Nina is asked to describe how to market a good product.

5. Objective = Tujuan

• The company should have the objective to improve the results of production each month.

6. Undoubtedly = Tidak diragukan lagi

• His performance is undoubtelly.
• Undoubtedly, she's always got the ranking class.
• His expertise in the field of art, has undoubtedly.

7. Desire = Keinginan

• To achieve a desire we must learn who is diligent and hard-working.
• A desire can surely achieved by the existing efforts and prayers.
• The plan of God is always more beautiful than our desires.

8. Fact = Fakta

• The fact is a thing that it is definitely what happened
• The facts showed that food prices rose by 50%
• Sometimes the expectation does not correspond to the facts.

How To Make Milk Pie

Ingredients:

• 1 grain eggs
• 100 grams of margarine
• 100 grams of butter
• 200 ml white liquid milk
• 200 grams of flour
• 2 tablespoons cornstarch
• 100 grams of granulated sugar
• Salt to taste

Tools:

• 1 frying pan
• 2 Bowl
• 1 Plate

Steps:

1. Mix egg, flour, salt and butter in a bowl first provided, then stir until not sticky anymore.
2. Milk, granulated sugar, cornstarch stirred in a second Bowl.
3. Then enter the eggs, flour, salt, and butter in a frying pan and flattened until blended. Then enter also the milk, sugar, and cornstarch which has been stirred.
4. Bake until done and do not overcook.
5. Ready to be served.

ARTICLE AND TASK

English Assignment 2

Article

Theme : The most interesting events
Tittle    : A Memorable Experience

Diary,

About two years ago in 2014, when the grade 11 high school, I attend performances at my school. I used to be a time of HIGH SCHOOL studies at SMAN 5 Depok or commonly called as "Smanli". This arts festival event has the name "Hyperduty" or it could be abbreviated with "HD". Incidentally the Navy I was a Hyperduty event to three.

In this event, a great many appearance-the appearance of extracurricular activities that are in the school, the band that wins the race, and the singer or artist's top performing art performance in the show.

In this event, I perform with friends one extracurricular activity at the "FAMOUS" or the group is Fame of Smanli. This is a collaboration of five extracurricular drama arts who are in school, the collaboration of the Theatre, Choir, Traditional Dance, Modern Dance, and Music. This time its "FAMOUS" titled "The Ballad of the Afterlife" that tells about life in Heaven and Hell.

I followed one of them is an extracurricular Choir and decided to perform at the event. I think, I have a new experience of being irreplaceable, that could appear on the show performances are watched by lots of people to show art from our school.

There are approximately three months time to exercise. Tired, happy, saturated, and all feelings can be felt here. We also study the songs of Famous. In addition to learn, we must also be arranged songs and stop well.

When the performance started this exercise, however, feel happy with can perform to the maximum possible. Although the weather is less supportive, rain, and among us feel happy and sad. Finally, a collaboration of five extracurricular success and praise the Lord for this event this art festival is also running well from beginning to end.

Task

Business is a word which is commonly used in many different languages. But exactly what does it mean? The concepts and activities of business have increased in modern times. Traditionally, business simply meant exchange or trade for things people wanted or needed. Today it has a more technical definition. One definition of business is the production, distribution, and sale of goods and services for a profit. To examine this definition, we will look at its various parts.

First, production is the creation of services or the changing of materials into products. One example is the conversion of iron ore into metal car parts. Next these products need to be moved from the factory to the marketplace. This is known as distribution. A car might be moved from a factory in Detroit to a car dealership in Miami.

Third is the sale of goods and services. Sale is the exchange of a product or service for money. A car is sold to someone in exchange for money. A car is sold to someone in exchange for money. Goods are products which people either need or want; for example, cars can be classified as goods. Services, on the other hand, are activities which a person or group performs for another person or organization. For instance, an auto mechanic performs a service when he repairs a car. A doctor also performs a service by taking care of people when they are sick.

Business, then, is a combination of all these activities: production, distribution, and sale. However, there is one other important factor. This factor is the creation of profit or economic surplus. A major goal in the functioning of an American business company is making a profit. Profit is the money that remains after all the expenses are paid. Creating an economic suplus or profit is, therefore, a primary goal of business activity. (Taken from Business Concepts for English Practice by Barbara Tolley Dowling and Marianne McDougal).

Question :

5. What is ‘distribution’?

Answer   :

Distribution is the process of moving the product from the factory to the market to trade in order to reach the consumers.

Manajemen SDM Dalam Perusahaan